Effects of temperature Essay Example for Free

Effects of temperature Essay Some of these are variables that were mentioned earlier and could not be controlled, or even variables that were not initially considered. While performing the experiment, some of the oxygen produced from photosynthesis may have dissolved into the water. Microorganisms living on the pondweed may have used some oxygen. Although the amount of oxygen dissolved or used by microbes may be insignificant to the final result, when considered alongside the other variables this factor may be attributed to a significant change in the results. Some oxygen is also used during the respiration of the plant. As only the volume of oxygen produced was recorded the change in bubble size was not accounted for when the results were analysed. For a more accurate analysis of the data, using a capillary tube in place of the test tube so that the size and volume of each bubble could have been measured would have eliminated this inaccuracy. There are also factors affecting accuracy at low light intensities. With low light intensity, the pondweed receives some light energy from background light such as sunlight seeping through curtains or the light from the lamp of another students experiment. To eliminate extra artificial light from interfering with the results, the experiment must be performed in a completely dark room. The methodology of the experiment is also likely to account for any errors made, so in order to improve reliability and validity of the results some methodological features must be improved upon or changed completely. A capillary tube and a syringe should be used in place of the test tube to accurately measure the volume of the oxygen produced. Due to the high rates of photosynthesis of the pondweed, readings should be taken within shorter time periods. Doing so decreases the likelihood of human error occurring. Due to the nature and convenience of the experiment, it could be easily modified to investigate other variables of photosynthesis. An experiment using almost identical apparatus would be to vary the colour of the light the plant absorbs. Using translucent colour filters in front the lamps could vary this. Whilst doing the experiment several times contributed to the accuracy of the experiment, there were factors that detracted from it. The method of measuring the rate of photosynthesis by the frequency of bubbles was one. The volume of the bubbles could have varied, meaning that a larger or smaller amount of oxygen could have been released without being recorded. To eliminate these errors, using apparatus like a micro-burette or some other tool for measuring small volumes of gas may overcome small inaccuracies. This would make the results more accurate and reliable. Modifications: Limitations. The room temperature may fluctuate. Â  The concentration of carbon dioxide in the water may be reduced during experiment. The rate of gas evolution is not consistent. Â  There are other light sources, which may interfere with the results. Artificial light will increase temperature, as a 60watt bulb will be used, some energy will be lost as heat energy. Â  Are the bubbles being observed actually oxygen? Setting up the apparatus and placing it in a water bath may overcome the first error. Doing so will ensure that a constant temperature is maintained throughout the experiment. To avoid other light sources interfering with the experiment shelter the apparatus up so that the pondweed only receives light from the table lamp. To ensure consistency of gas evolution when changing to a new condition, the plant should be equilibrated for at least 10 minutes before taking any readings. Using a dilute sodium hydrogen carbonate solution ensures a constant supply of carbon dioxide to the pondweed, avoiding fluctuation of carbon dioxide concentrations. To test for presence of oxygen simply lower a glowing splint into the test tube containing the gas; if the splint relights this indicates that oxygen is present. Using this test increases reliability of the results. The presence of the lamp may cause the temperature to increase; to prevent this from happening ice can be used to maintain a constant temperature. Further experiments could be implemented to test other factors that may have an affect on the rate of photosynthesis. Light intensity has been found to have an affect on photosynthesis. This can be investigated by placing a light at varying distances from the elodea plant and recording the number of bubbles produced. Other experiments in this area could also include testing the rate of photosynthesis with different amounts of chlorophyll in the plants. References: 1, 2, 3, 7 and 8 Glenn and Susan Toole, (1999) Biology for Advanced level. Stanley Thornes pg. 282-5. 4, 5 and 6 D. O. Hall and K. K. Rao, (1992) New studies in biology, Photosynthesis. Cambridge University Press, pg 13-14.

Shakespeares Othello - The Downfall of Othello and Cassio Essay

The Downfall of Othello and Cassio In Shakespeare's Othello, the characters of Othello and Cassio greatly contribute to their own downfalls. Iago sets up a treacherous trap and they fall into it. Both are innocent characters, guilty only of being too trusting of Iago. Othello and Cassio elicit sympathy from the readers. However, our sympathy for them wanes at times, because they are so gullible. Yet, it is always restored. Iago longs to hurt Othello. He is Othello's footsoldier, an ancient, his right-hand man, and long-time friend. Iago was enraged when Othello did not promote him to lieutenant, choosing instead the handsome, young, affluent, Cassio. Iago felt that he was more entitled to the position than Cassio. Cassio was a brillant strategist, but had very little experience on the battlefield. Iago, on the other hand, had an abundance of battle experience and felt that he was passed over only for appearances' sake. This idea may very well be true. Othello needed someone who would make him look better in the eyes of important state officials and people of high standing in the community. The Moor was a black man, a fact that is often referred to in the play and which also causes Othello much insecurity. He saw his race as a drawback and something that could prevent him from gaining further success. So Michael Cassio was the perfect "face" to bring along to state functions; the perfect white face. He was a very presentable, educated, good-looking man from a middle-class background. To get back at the Moor, Iago decides to poison his mind against his wife and against Michael Cassio, by conjuring up images of an illicit sexual affair between the two. In Sha... ... by no means the tragic hero, he is definitely not Othello's villain. Iago chooses Cassio as his prey because he is the one that benefitted from Othello's overlooking of Iago. Who better to bring down? Cassio gained the position that Iago wanted, felt entitled to. Cassio was also everything that Iago was not. Cassio came from a financially comfortable background, Iago did not. Cassipo received a good education, Iago did not. Cassio's promotion to the lieutenancy was the straw that broke the camel's back. The flaws of Othello and Cassio, naivete and gullibility, led to their downfalls. Both characters were innocent of villiany, but guilty of choosing to put their trust in the wrong person. Had they attempted to communicate with the people they should have, Othello with Desdemona, and Cassio with Othello, Othello would not have been a Shakespearean tragedy.

Knowledge Is Power Essay

In all honesty, prior to reading Jake Helpern’s articles and meeting him in person, I thought he was some older white guy with a slightly boring style of writing as well as being even more boring in person, but somehow everyone else finds his work fascinating. But since I needed some extra credit points, I took on the challenge of the assignment. Glad to announce my notions of Jake Helpern were totally wrong. Reading Jake Helpern’s articles were like reading a well written novel. His stories had flare, suspense, character, drama and even a touch of sorrow and empathy. For the most part his articles were not just engaging but also very informative. Content versus Form, Content wins. In person, Jake appeared to be just one of the guys. Nothing fancy about himself, very humble and charismatic. After listening to Jake speak briefly about his life, family and his pursuit of his innate being, you can tell he’s sincere and dedicated to his craft and family. Jake was also instrumental in terms of being relative due to his Western New York origins. He can relate to Buffalonians and our struggle as a city in a financial crisis, where one side of the city’s future is in question while another side of the city’s future looks lucrative. If the question is posed if Jake’s articles are a considered artwork, I would agree and disagree. The two articles we covered in class, I believe Jake wrote them with an artistic style of writing. To me, artwork is anything not ephemeral. Jake’s articles can be preserved, but not on the same scale as the Great Pyramids of Egypt or the Tajmahal in India. However, his articles can also be considered non-fiction. Through this experience, I pondered on becoming a writer. I learned academically as well as personal discovery of myself. If Jake were to return to speak again, I’m there.

Definition Of Due Process. A Requirement That Laws And

Definition of Due Process A requirement that laws and regulations must be related to a legitimate government interest (as crime prevention) and may not contain provisions that result in the unfair or arbitrary treatment of an individual —called also substantive due process Editor s note: The guarantee of due process is found in the Fifth Amendment to the Constitution, which states â€Å"no person shall†¦be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law,† and in the Fourteenth Amendment, which states â€Å"nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law (Merriam-Webster, 2017).† History of Due Process The substance of due process is an authentic item that follows the distance back†¦show more content†¦Governments direct exchange, lead war with different nations, give fundamental administrations, and most essential, limits individual conduct. Left to itself; governments can and have executed, tormented, detained, and oppressed their kin. Governments have practiced unfair control over such matters as discourse, religion, and affiliation. The acknowledgment of human rights, regularly communicated in a lawfully restricting bill of rights, is a response against such oppressive regimes intended to constrain the force of the administration. Due process rights are the cases a criminal litigant has when blamed by the legislature for an unlawful demonstration. The legislature must regard these rights some time recently, amid, and after a criminal trial. Disregarding of any of the due procedure rights will ordinarily void a conviction. In this sense, due process rights can t be automatically relinquished. One s entitlement to be free from discretionary captures, detainments, and outcasts is the focal worry of due process rights. A variety of other due process rights backings and actualizes this focal right. A key part of the due procedure rights is the privilege to a reasonable trial. Conflicting positions of Justice Hugo Black and Justice Felix Frankfurter No one who knew Supreme Court Justices Hugo L. Black and Felix Frankfurter doubted that theyShow MoreRelatedFrigaliment Importing Co. v. B.N.S. International Sales Corp. in a Chicken Case901 Words   |  4 Pagesand 25,000 pounds of 1.5 to 2 pound chickens. ( smaller chickens where priced slightly higher in this contract vice the first agreement) Both contracts were signed by the parties on May 2nd, 1957. BNS shortly after made 2 shipments to meet the requirements of the first contract , of these two shipments the first was not delivered in full, but the shortage was made up with the later shipment. After receiving the shipment, Frigaliment came to the conclusion that the larger chickens delivered wereRead MoreCrime: Inchoate Offenses Essay880 Words   |  4 Pagesbe effective in convicting a suspect of solicitation (Criminal Solicitation Law Legal Definition, n.d.). The first thing a prosecutor must prove is that a person commands another person to commit a crime. The second th ing a prosecutor must prove is that the person who is commanded to commit the crime will actual commit the crime so there will need to be a specific intent (Criminal Solicitation Law Legal Definition, n.d.). When being charged with solicitation the other person can be chargedRead MoreBibliography On Intellectual Property Law1669 Words   |  7 PagesWord Count: 1930 Summative Assignment | Intellectual Property law | Term 1 In order for the Bell’s to maintain that they have the right to exploit the taken photo by submitting it into a competition, it must be proven that they hold ownership of the copyright and the work is protected as such. In order to discuss authorship and ownership, the subject matter of protection must be established. In the United Kingdom, there is a closed list of 8 copyright protectable forms of media found in the CopyrightRead MoreDeal v. Hamilton County Dept. of Education1686 Words   |  7 Pages Due Process and Parental Rights: Deal v. Hamilton County Board of Education Grand Canyon University: SPE 350 28 October 2012 Due Process and Parental Rights: Deal v. Hamilton County Board of Education In 2004 the case of Deal v. Hamilton County Board of Education was coming to a close after reaching the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit in Ohio. Within this essay, detailed examination of this case, along with issues that developed the case, disagreement points, parties involvedRead MoreSame-sex has been a trending topic for the past few decades. During this time frame, the support of1000 Words   |  4 Pagesfederal interpretation of â€Å"marriage† and â€Å"spouse† to affect only to heterosexual unions, by Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), is unconstitutional under the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment. The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) argued that in doing so â€Å"disparages and injures those whom the State by its marriage laws, sought to protect in personhood and dignity.† Edith Windsor and Thea Spyer were a same-sex couple that lived in New York. They were officially married in Ontario, CanadaRead MorePrinciples of Software Engineering Essays1521 Words   |  7 Pages Describe each law in your own words. Illustrate with a practical example. Glass’ law Glass law states that the â€Å"Requirement deficiencies are the prime source of project failures†. He says that collecting the requirements of a project is the first step which leads to complete the project successfully. Robert Glass made several researches and investigated the failed projects and concluded the above statement. The main problem in a failure project is the lace of requirements, eighter the requirements Read MoreThe Affordable Care Act And Its Corresponding Implementation Of The United States Of America Government s Healthcare Marketplace1611 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen attributed to problems with project management, staffing, implementation and technology which can be further broken down into several problematic areas such as the gathering of requirements belonging to the project management category and change management which is handled in the implementation stage. Requirements gathering and poor management have been identified as major causes for the failure of Healthcare.gov at the launch date. This paper discusses the aims of the Affordable Care Act andRead MoreThe Impact Of Technological Surveillance On Human Surveillance1549 Words   |  7 Pagesfor constant advancements in everything. This could be through medicine, social skills, physical ability, and even technological advances. Spe cifically for the application of law and a person’s right to privacy technological advances in surveillance will be analyzed. Whitebread, and Slobogin (2014) give a good working definition of what technological surveillance is and what is covers. â€Å"Technological surveillance,†¦ is meant to encompass a wide variety of techniques that enhance the ability to ease dropRead MoreHuman Resource Management and Regulations1323 Words   |  5 PagesHR Management and Regulations 1. Employment at Will Employment at Will law is highly relevant to the Personnel Planning functions of Human Resources Management. Personnel Planning sometimes involves the termination of competent and otherwise desirable employees due to financial or organizational challenges coming from the employers side. In at-will employment relationship, the employer and employee agree at the outset that the employer may terminate the employment relationship for any timeRead MoreThe Association For Project Management1141 Words   |  5 Pageslife cycle. APM Body of Knowledge 6th edition provides the standard definition of the project management making it a primary source of study for APM qualifications, membership and other professional standards. APM Bok identifies 69 areas of knowledge, each of which is covered in a topic containing four sections: contextual, delivery, people, and interfaces. The APM Body of Knowledge 6th edition aims to provide high level definitions for each of the 69 topic areas which are contained in the full text