The five types of supporting materials are narrati Essays - RTT

The five types of supporting materials are narrative, examples, definitions, testimony, facts, and statistics. Narratives describe events in a dramatic way, appealing to audience members' emotions. An example would be a story you tell that happens in your everyday life or something that you've been through or are going through. Well-known cultural, societal and group narratives appeal deeply to held beliefs and values. Examples are illustrations or cases that represent a larger group of things. For example, me telling you that this is an example of an example will help you get a better understanding. Definitions explain or describe what something is. An example of definition would be the definition of speech is the expression of or the ability to express thoughts and feelings by articulate sounds. Testimony is relying on an individual's or group's opinions related to a particular topic. An example would expect testimony, sources the audience will perceive as highly qualified. Facts, observations you make based on your experiences. Statistics are numerical data or information. An example of a fact is dinosaurs are real, but we were around to see them, but the left behind evidence prove they were here. An example of statistics is 1, and 8 women will get breast cancer. To find this, you can go to Breast Cancer Research Foundation.

Fetal Pig Dissection Lab Report Essay Example

Fetal Pig Dissection Lab Report Essay Example Fetal Pig Dissection Lab Report Paper Fetal Pig Dissection Lab Report Paper In addition to this, the fetal pig dissection helps students better interpret the relative position and sizes Of organs, as well relation between organ and organ system. Hypothesis Grout, Anvil and had hypothesized that the fetal pigs internal systems should be slightly alike, due to the fact that pigs are on the same level food chain as us hurrahs. Materials: Safety goggles (opt. ) Plastic lab apron (opt. ) Non-latex gloves Preserved fetal pigs Dissecting tray Antibacterial soap String Scissors Scalpel Measuring tape Paper towels dissecting pins blunt probe Basic diagram Of sections Of fetal pig (Left) Procedure 1. Use string to measure pig from tip of snout to base of tail. The table below determines age via length. Length of String (CM) Age of pig 0-10 CM 20 days 30-35 days 20-30 CM AS_SO days 40-50 CM 55 days 100 CM 70 days 150 CM 80 days 200 CM 100 days 300 CM 120 days 2. Place fetal pig on back, exposing the dorsal surface. Then, tie the pig for ease of dissection therefore it willing move during dissection. 3. Determine sex of pig. Sex of pig can easily be determined through viewing posterior view of pig. If one sees the scrotal sac, he sis male. If one sees a genital papilla, she is a female. . To effectively expose the inner organs of the fetal pig, make 5 incision cuts: INCISION 1: CM incision in front of umbilical cord towards head. INCISION 2: Cut towards posterior surface. INCISION 3: Cut towards lateral surface. May use scissors for lateral incision. INCISION 4: Cut towards posterior portion of abdominal cavity, INCISION 5: Cut between thoracic and abdominal cavity. *May want to fe el for ribs when cutting INCISION S. Incisions for dissection of fetal pig 5. Expose abdominal cavity. This can be done by pulling apart flaps at INCISION 5. You may want to use scalpel to cut through skin, and hold down skin through dissecting pins. Diagram of fetal pig and organs of abdominal cavity 6. Locate liver and gall bladder _ Liver located near front of abdominal cavity. Gall Bladder located underneath Eerier_ 7. Locate stomach. Stomach located beneath liver, on left side of fetal pig. Stomach tends to appear hollow. Furthermore, the anterior portion Of the stomach is in conjunction with the esophagi, whereas the posterior portion Of the stomach is in conjunction With the duodenum. 8. Locate Pancreas. : The pancreas is located toward the back wall of the abdominal cavity. It is a finger- shaped gland, and creamy white in color. Moreover, the pancreas is best reached by lifting junction offshoots and small intestine. . Locate the spleen. The spleen is located on left side of fetal pig, found near outer curvature of stomach. 10. Remove stomach by cuts at junction with esophagi and small intestine, specifically, the duodenum. This can be done so using a scalpel. 11. When locating small and large intestines, observe the thing film that holds them together. This is known as the mesenteric. Carefully snip away mesenteric and unravel. Thoracic and circulatory procedures 12. To expose thoracic cavity, fold back skin above thoracic cavity and hold back via dissecting pins for better view and dissecting. Thoracic cavity is area between incisions 3 and S. 13. Locate the heart. The heart is found between the two lungs and protected by rib cage. Furthermore, the heart is surrounded by thin, transparent membrane called pericardium. Remove pericardium carefully to isolate heart. Locating major vessels of the heart Inferior even cave: Runs from liver and lower part Of body to right side Of heart. Empties into right atrium. Superior even cave: Runs from upper body of pig to right side of heart. Empties into right atrium. Pulmonary trunk: Begins at right ventricles. Transports degenerated blood to lungs. Aorta: Largest artery n circulatory system. Branches to transport blood to all major organs. Aortic arch: Part of aorta that arises from left ventricle. Two major vessels come from aortic arch: Prophetically trunk: Splits to send to right forelimb * head. Left subclasses artery: Supplies left forelimb. 14 using the blunt probe, you can discover 4 chambers of heart. Locating the right chamber via the diagram below. It is visible within the eye, Locating the left atrium is also visible within the eye, You will notice several veins at left atrium, known as the pulmonary veins. Also, isolate pulmonary veins from heart via scissors. Locate the aorta coming off left ventricle and separate from heart via scissors. Then, locate pulmonary trunk arising from right ventricle and separate from heart via scissors. Finally, remove heart from thoracic cavity by teasing away connective tissue. 15. After so, make incision that separates left side and right side of heart. 6 Locating the lungs: Lungs are very visible with eyes. Lungs are relatively large due to the fact that the bronchial tree is contained within them. Fetal pig Observations: Dorsal view of heart in the Petal Pig Observation Questions All questions within textbook procedure answered below. I _ With the chart given above under procedure I, eve determined that our fetal pig was approximately 55 day s, as the length of the fetal pig was 37 CM long. AAA. The function Of the umbilical cord is to transport nutrients to the fetal pigs from mother pig. B. TWO blood vessels were seen Within the umbilical cord. 4. The sex of our pig, Grout Jar. , is male. 5. There were 4 toes on each foot, therefore 16 toes total. Also, it was positioned; front feet curled inwards and back feet are flat (normal POS. ). 6. Yes, our fetal pig contained hair on his chin, had eyelashes, and had a tongue as well. 9. The gallbladder connects to the top left portion of the small intestine. 10, As we lifted the small intestine, we noticed the large intestine. Also, the advantage of having mesenteric film is that it keep ones intestines together. As l, Staff made an effort to fully isolate the small intestine to measure its length, had to cut through the mesenteric to tulle isolate the small intestine from itself, 11. Vital substances the pancreas provides us with is insulin. Insulin makes our bodys cells absorb glucose trot the blood The glucose is stored in the liver and muscle as glycogen and stops the body from using fat as a resource of energy. 12. The function of the spleen is that is a blood reservoir; it stores and recycles blood for future use. Gore example, when one is injured and has a cut, the spleen will supply it with blood. 4 Length of small intestine unraveled: 2 GM The small intestine is different from the large intestine as they have different functions. The small intestines major function is to absorb all nutrients from food via villa and then send to the large intestine to excrete as waste. As mentioned in the previous sentence, the large intestine major only transports remaining waste and whatnot through the an us. However, if the small intestine did not fully absorb all nutrients, the large intestine can absorb nutrients as well, as it too contains Mill. 16. The fetal pigs heart is surrounded by pericardium, similar to the mesenteric of the small intestine and can be easily cut via scissors or forceps. However, forceps are the best tool to accomplish this due to the fact that they are effective when isolating small objects and skin. 20. As we compared the size of a ventricular and trial wall, we observed that the trial walls are thin and elastic whereas the ventricular walls ware thick and more muscle-like. 21. Yes, there is difference in the sizes to both lungs; the right lung is larger than the left due to the fact that the heart is mostly on the left side of the lungs. ND must leave space for the heart. 22. The left ventricle contains more muscle than the right ventricle because the left ventricle must pump blood to the aorta, which the aorta then transports blood to the entire body. The right ventricle must pump blood to the pulmonary artery, which the pulmonary artery then transports blood to the lungs to oxygenate them. 23. The lun gs of the fetal pig feel spongy because they are made up of millions of alveoli, giving it a spongy lining. 24 The function the cartilaginous rings Of the trachea is to keep the trachea open when breathing. Without cartilaginous rings in our trachea, our trachea would collapse. Reflections: Staffs reflection. The fetal pig dissection was Without a doubt a tremendous experience overall, as it gave me hands-on experience, collaborative skills, and even inspiration for that matter. TO begin, lets go in depth With hands-on experience. Typically, I and many prefer hands-on tasks. This is because you better understand What you are doing, and the concept behind it. In this case, the ands-on experience of dissecting a fetal pig better helped me understand internal systems and the functions of the organs. Collaborative wise, this helped me because I tend to prefer working by myself, therefore when the time comes to work co-operatively, have learned how to quickly assign tasks to students where everyone receives a fair and equal amount of work. However, the fetal pig dissection in fact did not even feel as if it was work. truly really did enjoy cutting up and discovering what lies beneath the skin of our bodies, and the numerous functions our body must perform in order to keep us going every day.

Poetry from Lusophone Africa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Poetry from Lusophone Africa - Essay Example The writers of Lusophone poetry were persecuted, exiled, or imprisoned. Moreover, they were rejected by Portuguese because of their portrayal of Portuguese rule and the existing war situation. This poetry agitated Africans to rise up for their rights and aimed to eliminate the suffering and supported the rise of reactionary forces (da Silva, 1999). Most writers wrote in their native languages. In the poem Lisbon-1971 by Armenio Vieira, the writer starts off by taking the reader to Portugal. Lisbon is the capital city of Portugal, as well as an alpha city, and the largest airport is Portela. Armenio uses imagery to vividly depict the air that was around the airport that day. During colonial times, Cape Verde was a major trading centre for African slaves. The writer creates an image of the heavy police presence and planes at the airport. His group was the most miserable among all the groups from Africa. He uses symbolism as he refers to the slaves as cattle. Cattle live in poor conditions as they sleep with their dung. Their colour betrayed their racial background and they had been shipped as slaves from Cape Verde. The use a truck and crates symbolize the dirty environment in which the slaves were subjected to and the poor conditions they had to live in (Moser, 33). Moreover, the cold weather added to their suffering, and the inhabitants of Portela were not sympathetic to

Muslim World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Muslim World - Essay Example In a religious sense, the term Muslim world refers to the whole people who follow the teachings of Islam. From a modern geopolitical perspective, this term is used collectively to refer to Muslim-majority countries and regions. During the period of Rashidun and Umayyads, the Caliphate grew quickly and the Muslim power expanded beyond the Arabian Peninsula. Although the Islamic dominance on political issues has notably increased over the last century, intrusion of Western powers into Islamic regions and other international conflicts reduced the influence of Islam in the contemporary history. During the period between the early 15th and early 20th centuries, the history of the Muslim world is characterized with particular events, processes, and encounters. This paper will discuss some major events in the history of the Muslim world such as Sunni reform movement, fall of Granada, and the fall of Constantinople. Sunni Reform Movement Deobandi Movement, a popular Sunni reform movement is one of the major events that rewrote the entire history of the Muslim world. As Sankar and Mandal describe, the movement began in India as a reaction to the British colonial rule, and spread to the neighboring countries like Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Pakistan, etc. which later came to be the hub of this movement (62). Very recently its waves have reached South Africa and the United Kingdom. The term Deobandi derived from Deoband, the place where Darul Uloom Deoband, a Sufi School started in the year 1866 is situated. However after the partition of Pakistan and Bangladesh from India, India lost its prominence and Pakistan and Afghanistan became prominent promoters of this movement. The overwhelming prominence of Deobandi movement in Pakistan and Afghanistan soon made its spread to the other parts of the world. History Sunni reform movement is believed to have its origin in Asian countries like Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. However some say that the movement was first or iginated in India as a reaction to the British colonialists. Those who say that this movement is originated in India point that the Sufi school Darul Uloom Deoband, from which the term ‘Deobandi’ is derived, is situated in India. Nadwatul-Ulama Lucknow and Darul Uloom Karachi are two notable Hanafi seminaries of Deobandi Schools. However, the historians and Muslim scholars say that the movement was present in other neighboring countries of India at the same time. In this context it has to be noted that the founding fathers of Debandi Movement were very much influenced by the Wahabi Movement that was present in Saudi Arabia. The only difference between the Wahabis and the Deobandis is visible in their approach to Ashri and Maturidi creeds. While the latter ascribe to both the creeds, the former adhere only to the literal meaning of both the creeds. Currently the movement is spread across the world including South Africa and the United Kingdom. Though it reached these cou ntries very recently, it has become very strong in these countries. Consider how it is growing in the UK. At present, over 600 of the total 1500 mosques here are under the control of Muslim scholars who favor Deobandi Teachings. Adding further, around 17 Islam seminaries; there are total 26 Islam seminaries in the UK, are following the same teaching. It means that more than 80 percent of the total domestically trained Ulema or Muslim scholars are trained to follow Deobandi doctrines. Spreading of Sunni movement Currently Sunni movement is present in many countries and continents including the United Kingdom, South Africa and Asia, the continent where it actually originated. Now it has become

Effects of temperature Essay Example for Free

Effects of temperature Essay Some of these are variables that were mentioned earlier and could not be controlled, or even variables that were not initially considered. While performing the experiment, some of the oxygen produced from photosynthesis may have dissolved into the water. Microorganisms living on the pondweed may have used some oxygen. Although the amount of oxygen dissolved or used by microbes may be insignificant to the final result, when considered alongside the other variables this factor may be attributed to a significant change in the results. Some oxygen is also used during the respiration of the plant. As only the volume of oxygen produced was recorded the change in bubble size was not accounted for when the results were analysed. For a more accurate analysis of the data, using a capillary tube in place of the test tube so that the size and volume of each bubble could have been measured would have eliminated this inaccuracy. There are also factors affecting accuracy at low light intensities. With low light intensity, the pondweed receives some light energy from background light such as sunlight seeping through curtains or the light from the lamp of another students experiment. To eliminate extra artificial light from interfering with the results, the experiment must be performed in a completely dark room. The methodology of the experiment is also likely to account for any errors made, so in order to improve reliability and validity of the results some methodological features must be improved upon or changed completely. A capillary tube and a syringe should be used in place of the test tube to accurately measure the volume of the oxygen produced. Due to the high rates of photosynthesis of the pondweed, readings should be taken within shorter time periods. Doing so decreases the likelihood of human error occurring. Due to the nature and convenience of the experiment, it could be easily modified to investigate other variables of photosynthesis. An experiment using almost identical apparatus would be to vary the colour of the light the plant absorbs. Using translucent colour filters in front the lamps could vary this. Whilst doing the experiment several times contributed to the accuracy of the experiment, there were factors that detracted from it. The method of measuring the rate of photosynthesis by the frequency of bubbles was one. The volume of the bubbles could have varied, meaning that a larger or smaller amount of oxygen could have been released without being recorded. To eliminate these errors, using apparatus like a micro-burette or some other tool for measuring small volumes of gas may overcome small inaccuracies. This would make the results more accurate and reliable. Modifications: Limitations. The room temperature may fluctuate. Â  The concentration of carbon dioxide in the water may be reduced during experiment. The rate of gas evolution is not consistent. Â  There are other light sources, which may interfere with the results. Artificial light will increase temperature, as a 60watt bulb will be used, some energy will be lost as heat energy. Â  Are the bubbles being observed actually oxygen? Setting up the apparatus and placing it in a water bath may overcome the first error. Doing so will ensure that a constant temperature is maintained throughout the experiment. To avoid other light sources interfering with the experiment shelter the apparatus up so that the pondweed only receives light from the table lamp. To ensure consistency of gas evolution when changing to a new condition, the plant should be equilibrated for at least 10 minutes before taking any readings. Using a dilute sodium hydrogen carbonate solution ensures a constant supply of carbon dioxide to the pondweed, avoiding fluctuation of carbon dioxide concentrations. To test for presence of oxygen simply lower a glowing splint into the test tube containing the gas; if the splint relights this indicates that oxygen is present. Using this test increases reliability of the results. The presence of the lamp may cause the temperature to increase; to prevent this from happening ice can be used to maintain a constant temperature. Further experiments could be implemented to test other factors that may have an affect on the rate of photosynthesis. Light intensity has been found to have an affect on photosynthesis. This can be investigated by placing a light at varying distances from the elodea plant and recording the number of bubbles produced. Other experiments in this area could also include testing the rate of photosynthesis with different amounts of chlorophyll in the plants. References: 1, 2, 3, 7 and 8 Glenn and Susan Toole, (1999) Biology for Advanced level. Stanley Thornes pg. 282-5. 4, 5 and 6 D. O. Hall and K. K. Rao, (1992) New studies in biology, Photosynthesis. Cambridge University Press, pg 13-14.

Shakespeares Othello - The Downfall of Othello and Cassio Essay

The Downfall of Othello and Cassio In Shakespeare's Othello, the characters of Othello and Cassio greatly contribute to their own downfalls. Iago sets up a treacherous trap and they fall into it. Both are innocent characters, guilty only of being too trusting of Iago. Othello and Cassio elicit sympathy from the readers. However, our sympathy for them wanes at times, because they are so gullible. Yet, it is always restored. Iago longs to hurt Othello. He is Othello's footsoldier, an ancient, his right-hand man, and long-time friend. Iago was enraged when Othello did not promote him to lieutenant, choosing instead the handsome, young, affluent, Cassio. Iago felt that he was more entitled to the position than Cassio. Cassio was a brillant strategist, but had very little experience on the battlefield. Iago, on the other hand, had an abundance of battle experience and felt that he was passed over only for appearances' sake. This idea may very well be true. Othello needed someone who would make him look better in the eyes of important state officials and people of high standing in the community. The Moor was a black man, a fact that is often referred to in the play and which also causes Othello much insecurity. He saw his race as a drawback and something that could prevent him from gaining further success. So Michael Cassio was the perfect "face" to bring along to state functions; the perfect white face. He was a very presentable, educated, good-looking man from a middle-class background. To get back at the Moor, Iago decides to poison his mind against his wife and against Michael Cassio, by conjuring up images of an illicit sexual affair between the two. In Sha... ... by no means the tragic hero, he is definitely not Othello's villain. Iago chooses Cassio as his prey because he is the one that benefitted from Othello's overlooking of Iago. Who better to bring down? Cassio gained the position that Iago wanted, felt entitled to. Cassio was also everything that Iago was not. Cassio came from a financially comfortable background, Iago did not. Cassipo received a good education, Iago did not. Cassio's promotion to the lieutenancy was the straw that broke the camel's back. The flaws of Othello and Cassio, naivete and gullibility, led to their downfalls. Both characters were innocent of villiany, but guilty of choosing to put their trust in the wrong person. Had they attempted to communicate with the people they should have, Othello with Desdemona, and Cassio with Othello, Othello would not have been a Shakespearean tragedy.

Knowledge Is Power Essay

In all honesty, prior to reading Jake Helpern’s articles and meeting him in person, I thought he was some older white guy with a slightly boring style of writing as well as being even more boring in person, but somehow everyone else finds his work fascinating. But since I needed some extra credit points, I took on the challenge of the assignment. Glad to announce my notions of Jake Helpern were totally wrong. Reading Jake Helpern’s articles were like reading a well written novel. His stories had flare, suspense, character, drama and even a touch of sorrow and empathy. For the most part his articles were not just engaging but also very informative. Content versus Form, Content wins. In person, Jake appeared to be just one of the guys. Nothing fancy about himself, very humble and charismatic. After listening to Jake speak briefly about his life, family and his pursuit of his innate being, you can tell he’s sincere and dedicated to his craft and family. Jake was also instrumental in terms of being relative due to his Western New York origins. He can relate to Buffalonians and our struggle as a city in a financial crisis, where one side of the city’s future is in question while another side of the city’s future looks lucrative. If the question is posed if Jake’s articles are a considered artwork, I would agree and disagree. The two articles we covered in class, I believe Jake wrote them with an artistic style of writing. To me, artwork is anything not ephemeral. Jake’s articles can be preserved, but not on the same scale as the Great Pyramids of Egypt or the Tajmahal in India. However, his articles can also be considered non-fiction. Through this experience, I pondered on becoming a writer. I learned academically as well as personal discovery of myself. If Jake were to return to speak again, I’m there.